ADHD Assessments
There isn't a single test that can be used to determine whether one has ADHD. Specialists employ a variety of tools to gather information and observe the signs of an individual.
These include standardized clinical interviewing and rating scales, observational ratings and a number of psychometric/neuropsychological tests (including intelligence testing). They are a crucial component of the overall assessment process that is necessary to screen, evaluate, diagnose and monitor treatment.
Assessment Process
The majority of ADHD assessments require a thorough interview with the evaluator and the person who is being evaluated. This is conducted by a clinician, like a doctor, psychologist, or clinical social worker. The clinician will ask the patient to describe their history and current symptoms. Many evaluators employ standardized behavior rating scales. These tests are based on research comparing the behavior of people with ADHD and those who do not. They are not diagnostic by themselves however they provide important objective data to the evaluation. The Vanderbilt Assessment Scale, the Teacher-Parent report form of the Behavior Assessment System for Children and the Vanderbilt Assessment Scale are all examples. For adults, a standardized ADHD rating scale like the Wender Utah Rating Scale may be used. The doctor will employ an assessment of behavior for adults and children. This will help to identify other conditions which often co-occur along with ADHD. These include conduct disorder, oppositional disorder anxiety, depression, and conduct disorder.
The evaluator will also examine the person's past and current medications. The doctor will also look over medical records and gather information about the person's surroundings and family. For example, the evaluator will ask about whether the patient's parents or other relatives have ADHD and what their symptoms were.
Psychometric and neuropsychological tests may provide valuable information to aid the evaluator in diagnosing ADHD, especially when there is a degree of uncertainty regarding the diagnosis. These tests aren't suitable as the primary tool to diagnose ADHD due to their lack of sensitivity and specificity. They don't accurately reflect the variety of situations that adults face.
A more recent test called SPECT brain scanning provides useful data on how the brain functions over only a brief period of time. The results are only useful to identify certain kinds of brain injuries and illnesses. They don't accurately reflect how the brain functions during everyday situations such as working, school, and in relationships.
To make a more precise diagnosis, it is best to have an expert in mental health who has experience in the assessment and treatment of ADHD. A referral from a therapist or doctor is the best method to locate the right person.
Signs and symptoms
People suffering from ADHD often have trouble staying focused and managing their emotions. This can lead to problems at work, school or in personal relationships. It is also difficult to manage daily stressors. Because of this that untreated ADHD symptoms can lead to the loss of a job, broken friendships and other severe consequences.
To be diagnosed with ADHD, a person must have symptoms that persist throughout their childhood and adolescence. These symptoms should also affect their ability to function in everyday life, and must have been present before age 12 years old.
The most common symptoms of ADHD are impulsivity and inattention. Inattention-related symptoms may include difficulties keeping track of the task at hand, ignoring important information, or having difficulty remembering. The person could also display inadequate organizational skills or experience difficulties following instructions and keeping track of multiple tasks at once.
Hyperactive/impulsive symptoms include fidgeting, being unable to sit still, having excess energy, and being talkative. This kind of ADHD can also cause a person struggle with waiting for their turn or interrupting others.
These signs are usually present in children when they first start school. They may have a difficult time in school due to academic demands and may become frustrated with their inability to organize themselves or focus. They also may have difficulty with interpersonal relationships because they are more susceptible to emotional outbursts.
These symptoms can last into adulthood and cause problems at work as well as with romantic partners or even with family members. Untreated ADHD can make people feel embarrassed or blame themselves. They might believe that they are not smart enough to be successful or that there is something wrong with them. But it's important to understand that having ADHD does not mean you're less capable or intelligent.
To make a diagnosis of ADHD, your primary care doctor or mental health professional will carry out a thorough examination. They will inquire about your symptoms and the impact they affect your life. They will also interview your partner and other family members and friends. They will use behavior rating scales and symptom checklists in order to determine your symptoms. They will also review the medical history and your education. They may also refer you for a physical examination or take psychological tests to rule out other health issues.
Diagnosis
Your child or you have been struggling in school. You might be concerned about the dreaded snow day or the latest teacher evaluation. You've heard of ADHD but you aren't sure what it means. Is your child just lazy or does she have an issue that is easier to treat than? A thorough diagnosis is vital. You must determine if the problem is the result of excessive screen time, inadequate parenting or a medical condition. Fortunately, assessed for adhd can help you determine if an ADHD assessment is right for you.
In general, an ADHD assessment consists of an interview and a review of symptoms, and the use of rating scales or checklists. Doctors will ask about the person's past health, their development back to childhood as well as work and academic experience as well as driving history, marital and family relationships. The examiner will also look for other disorders such as learning disabilities, anxiety and mood disorders.
The person being evaluated must be able to talk about the issues openly and honestly. It is crucial that the person who is being evaluated doesn't hide behind embarrassment, or because of fear of being judged. This will allow the examiner to comprehend how ADHD affects daily life and recommend treatment options.
To be able to make a diagnosis of ADHD to be confirmed, a number of symptoms must have manifested before age of 12 and have been "impairing" at least in two major settings like school or home. It's more than just being forgetful or having trouble staying on task; it's getting fired from a job due to tardiness, failing to finish the task on time or causing conflict and stress in a relationship.
Many doctors will interview both the patient and the loved ones such as spouse or sibling. They may also request feedback from people that spend a great deal of time with the patient like a nanny or coach. This type of personal insight will reveal information that can't be obtained through questionnaires. Psychologists also conduct physical examinations and lab tests such as blood and urinary testing to rule out any other possible causes.
Treatment
A doctor may conduct an ADHD evaluation to determine if there is an underlying cause such as a mood disorder or another physical issue that is causing similar symptoms. A thorough evaluation requires examining the patient's mental and medical history, evaluating their past and present behavior and school performance, as well as contacting teachers, family members, and other caregivers to obtain an overall picture of how the person operates in various environments.
Dr. Frank says that people who suffer from ADHD benefit from a combination treatment. Some people are prescribed medications to help improve concentration and focus and reduce impulsiveness. These include stimulants such as Ritalin or Adderall or non-stimulant medications that take longer to work, but can enhance attention skills, such as Intuniv and Clonidine.
Most treatment plans include behavioral therapy, especially those for children. Therapists can teach them ways to organize their lives to help them keep on top of things or to practice mindfulness meditation to improve their ability to control their impulses and manage their time. Counseling for families or marriage is an excellent option for adults with ADHD. It teaches them problem-solving and communication skills that will help them cope with their difficulties at home and at work.
Many people suffering from ADHD will also find that they can manage their symptoms by eating well balanced meals, get enough rest and exercise. They should also cut down on junk food and alcohol. They might also find it helpful to seek support from friends and family or join a support group or attend an ADHD coach training program that will provide them with tips and tools for managing their symptoms. Anyone diagnosed with ADHD should visit their GP regularly for medication checkups to help them to understand how their treatment is working and to deal with any side effects. GPs can also refer people with ADHD to psychiatrists or clinical psychologists to further evaluate and diagnose.